When should a general dentist refer a patient to a specialist?

A general dentist should refer a patient to a specialist when the case is beyond the dentist's expertise. This is crucial because specialists possess advanced training and skills focused on specific fields within dentistry, such as endodontics, orthodontics, periodontics, or oral surgery. If a general dentist encounters a situation that requires specialized knowledge, techniques, or diagnostic capabilities—such as complicated root canal treatment, advanced periodontal disease, or surgical interventions—it is in the best interest of the patient to receive care from a qualified specialist.

References to the remaining options further clarify when a referral is appropriate. A patient requesting a referral does not inherently mean that a consultation with a specialist is necessary; the dentist must determine whether the case actually requires such expertise. Referring patients once a year without assessing their specific needs disregards individualized care. Lastly, completing all basic treatments before considering referral doesn’t account for cases that may require special attention earlier in treatment. Therefore, the emphasis is on the complexity and specific nature of the patient's condition, making a referral to a specialist essential when the general dentist feels that the patient would benefit from specialized care.